In this third part of a series of videos on frequency response analysis, Dr. Ridley shows the range of signal needed to inject into the loop of a power system. At low frequencies, with high gains, a 5 V signal often needs to be injected to overcome the noise issues. At high frequencies, with sensitive control techniques, the signal can drop as low as 20 mV or less in order to not disturb the operating point of the system. Ridley Engineering